Multilateral cooperation in practice.

 





The UN played a central role in the adoption of some 80 human rights treaties and declarations. Much of this body of law was inspired by the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted in 1948. These treaties and declarations protect civil, political, economic, as well as social and cultural rights. This includes, for example, the freedom from any form of discrimination and the freedom of expression. 




 Global disarmament, arms control and nonproliferation are central in preventing conflict and in building and sustaining peace. Since its foundation, the UN has been helping countries in the process of reducing and eventually eliminating weapons, including nuclear, biological and chemical weapons, as well as halting the proliferation of landmines, small arms and light weapons. In this context, the UN Secretary-General’s agenda for disarmament aims to reinvigorate dialogue and negotiations around international disarmament. The Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), negotiated by the United Nations between 1965 and 1968, represents to date the only binding commitment towards disarmament by nuclear-weapon States. With 191 States having joined the treaty, the NPT is the most ratified arms limitation and disarmament agreement in history. Sustainable Development Goals 


COLLECTIVE OBJECTIVES FOR GLOBAL RESULTS 

“As we embark on this great collective journey, we pledge that no one will be left behind.” These are the ambitious terms of the resolution “Transforming Our World: The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development” unanimously adopted by the General Assembly in September 2015. The resolution laid down the basis to achieve 17 SustainableDevelopment Goals (SDGs) addressing global challenges by 2030, including challenges related to poverty, inequality, climate change, environmental degradation, peace and justice. The SDGs are based on a multilateral approach. They take into consideration the necessity to include different stakeholders for the development of integrated, inclusive and innovative approach. The adoption of the SDGs is the result of over two years of intensive public consultation and engagement with civil society and other stakeholders around the world. Moreover, the implementation, follow-up and review measures of the SDGs rely on the cooperation among international organizations, national governments and public institutions, non-governmental organizations, academia and volunteer groups. Multilateral cooperation in practice.

MULTILATERAL TRADE AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

 Multilateral trade, as we recalled, is based on allowing each country to achieve a trading balance with the total trading area, and not necessarily with any other particular country. The modern multilateral trading system not only ensures economic opportunity, but is also essential for maintaining peace. As Benjamin Franklin noted, “Trading partners seldom wage war”. As one of its core mandates, and through its funds, programmes and specialized agencies, the UN is committed to both ultimately widening the global trading area, and promoting inclusive and sustainable economic growth, employment and decent work for everyone. 

HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE 


Multilateral humanitarian operations assist the victims of natural disasters and man-made emergencies. Multilateral cooperation in the humanitarian field is multifaceted and can take different forms, from providing material and technical assistance, elaborating on policies, to mobilizing funds, food, health assistance and logistics. Multilateral cooperation is necessary to assist and protect vulnerable people that are forced to flee their homes because of wars, persecutions or other reasons. The UN system assists about 70 million displaced persons. 



As the world’s primary vehicle to pursue the project of peace, the UN helps countries in the settlement of conflicts and their search for an enduring peace and political stability. While peacekeeping operations firmly rely upon a consent-based, impartial and non-use of force approach, they have evolved over time to adapt to the complexity of modern conflicts. The variety of UN-led peace operations such as peacemaking, peacebuilding and conflictprevention activities express and aim to address this complexity, towards the essential and delicate mandate of maintaining internationalpeace and security.

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